Climate Resilience to Floods on Rural Roads in Cambodia

Abstract

This article examines the vulnerability of rural roads in Cambodia to flooding, with a focus on enhancing climate resilience through spatial and hydrological analysis. The study utilizes Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and a Rational Method to assess flood risks and identify infrastructure vulnerabilities in Siem Reap Province. Data from a 12-year period (2012–2023) was analyzed to evaluate changes in rainfall intensity and peak discharge, revealing that certain road segments, particularly Siem Reap Roads 03 and 04, are highly susceptible to flooding. GIS-based flood mapping pinpointed flood-prone areas, while the Rational Method provided estimates of peak runoff, helping to identify critical infrastructure segments in need of upgrades. The findings demonstrate that road networks in low-lying areas and near water bodies are particularly vulnerable, with the highest peak discharge recorded in 2020, reflecting the growing impact of climate variability. To mitigate these identified risks, the study recommends infrastructure improvements such as enhanced drainage systems, road elevation, and the use of permeable materials. These results offer valuable insights for policymakers and engineers to prioritize investments and develop climate-resilient infrastructure strategies. Integrating climate resilience into rural road planning allows Cambodia to reduce adverse flood impacts on transportation and fosters sustainable rural development.